Adjective

Adjectives (विशेषण )

 Adjectives are those words which describe the nouns. There are very few or slight differences between English adjective and Hindi adjectives. One of the major differences compared to Hindi Adjectives is that English adjectives does not modify themselves for the noun.

For Example:

Sentence	वाक्य	As said in Hindi
Your house is very big.	आपका मकान बहुत बड़ा है।	Aapka Makan bahut bada hai.
Ishaan is very tall.	ईशान बहुत लंबा है।	Ishaan bhut lamba hai.
Dress is very beautiful.	ड्रेस बहुत सुंदर है।	Dress bahut sundar hai.
It's raining heavily today.	आज बहुत ज़ोर से बारिश हो रहे है I	Aaj bahut zor se barish ho rahe hai.

 

Types of Adjectives → There are 4 types of Adjectives & they are 

1) Qualitative Adjective (गुणवाचक विशेषण ) — Gunvachak Vsheshan
2) Qualitative Adjective (परिमाणवाचक विशेषण) — Parimaanvachak Visheshan.
3) Numerals Adjective (संख्यावाचक विशेषण) — Sankhayavachak visheshan
4) Demonstrative Adjectives (सर्वनामिक विशेषण ) — Sarvanamik Visheshan.
 Let us understand the difference between the 4.

1) Qualitative Adjective (गुणवाचक विशेषण ) — Gunvachak Vsheshan → The words that describe the quality of a noun are known as Qualitative adjectives.

(संज्ञा के गुण और प्रकार को  प्रकट करने वाले शब्द को गुणवाचक विशेषण कहते हैI )

Such as: Good (अच्छा, Acha), Bad (बुरा, bura), Honest (ईमानदार, Imandar).

Again, Qualitative Adjective is divided into five types:

a) आकारबोधक (Aakarbodhak - Shape):
Example: Tall (Lamba,लंबा ), Small (Chota, छोटा), Round (Gol, गोल) , Fat (Mota ,मोटा

b) स्थानबोधक (Sthanbodhak — Place):
Example: American (अमेरिकन), In Front (सामने), Up (Upar, ऊपर), Down (Neeche, नीचे) 

c) रंगबोधक (Rangbodhak, Color):
Example: Red (Lal, लाल), Yellow (Peela, पीला), Black (Kala, काला), Blue (Neela, नीला).

d) गंदबोधक (Gandbodhak, Smell):
Example: Sweet (Meetha, मीठा), Tasteless (Pheeka, बेस्वाद), Perfumed (Sugandhit, सुगंधित), Sour (Khatta , खटटा )
2) Quantitative Adjective (परिमाणवाचक विशेषण) — Parimaanvachak Visheshan.

The words which describe the quantity of a noun are known as Quantitative adjectives.

(वैसा शब्द जो संज्ञा के मात्रा के बारे मे जानकारी दे उसे परिमाणवाचक विशेषण कहते है I)

Example: Two Kilo (दो किलो), Two Meter (दो मीटर),

Again, Quantitative adjective is divided into two parts:

1) Definite quantitative adjective (निश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण):
Examples: Ten Pounds (दस पाउंड), A Hundred meter (सौ मीटर), Five feet (पांच फ़ीट)

2) Indefinite quantitative adjective (अनिश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण)
Examples: More (अधिक), Many (कई), Some (कुछ), Null (कुछ  नहीं )

3) Numerals Adjective (संख्यावाचक विशेषण) — Sankhyavachak Visheshan

These adjectives are used to show the numbers of noun and their place in an order and are called as numerals adjectives,

(यह विशेषण संज्ञा की संख्या और अपनी स्थान को दिखाने के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाता है, उसे  संख्यावाचक विशेषण कहते है।)


For Example:  

   

Sentence	वाक्य	As said in Hindi
John has two brothers.	जॉन  के   दो भाई  हैं I	John ke do bhai hain.
I have three apples.	मेरे पास तीन  सेब हैं ।	Mere Paas teen seb hain.

Again, Numerals adjectives divided into two parts:

a) Definite numerals, adjectives. (निश्चित संख्यावाचक विशेषण )
Examples: First (पहला), Second (दूसरा), Third (तीसरा). etc. (आदि

b) Indefinite numerals, adjectives. (अनिश्चित संख्यावाचक विशेषण)
Example: Many (ज्यादा), Few (कम), Several (कई) etc. (आदि).

4) Demonstrative Adjectives (सर्वनामिक विशेषण ): Sarvanamik Visheshan.

These adjectives are used to indicate a particular noun using these adjectives such as — this, that, those and these.
(यह विशेषण, इस की तरह इस विशेषण का प्रयोग कर विशेष संज्ञा इंगित करने के लिए इस्तेमाल करते  हैं। जैसे - यह, वह, ये, वे आदि।)

Such as: मेरी पुस्तक (meri Pustak - my book), किसका काम (Kiska Kaam - whose work), आपका सामान (aapka saman - your stuff)

   

Sentence	वाक्य	As said in Hindi
I have a new book.	मेरी पुस्तक नई है।	Meri Pustak / kitab  nai hai.
An envelope is kept over that book.	लिफाफा किताब के ऊपर रखा है I	Lifafa kitab ke upar rakha hai.

Tip: Light pink words are written with English letters for easy pronunciation.